The customs of ancestral worship during the Cold Clothes Festival (Qīngmín Jié) can be translated into English as follows:
1. **Offering of Cold Clothes**: Families prepare a set of new or clean clothes to be placed in front of the ancestors' portraits or in the ancestral hall. These clothes symbolize respect and care.
2. **Preparation of Offerings**: Food offerings such as fruit, tea, wine, and paper money are arranged on an altar. Some families also include paper replicas of cold clothes and other necessities that they believe the ancestors would need in the afterlife.
3. **Chanting or Praying**: Members of the family may recite prayers or chants to express their gratitude to the ancestors and seek their blessings.
4. **Lighting Incense and Candles**: Incense and candles are lit as a sign of respect and to attract the spirits of the ancestors.
5. **Making the Offering**: After preparing the offerings and setting up the altar, family members will make the offering by bowing and pouring wine or tea over the offerings.
6. **Burning Paper Money**: A common practice is to burn paper money, clothes, and other items, symbolizing that the ancestors are receiving these as gifts in the afterlife.
7. **Offering to Departed Souls**: Some families also offer food and drinks to departed souls who may have no descendants to honor them.
8. **Participating in Ancestor Worship**: This is a communal activity, and families often gather together to participate in the worship, especially if there are multiple generations involved.
Remember that customs may vary depending on the region and the family's traditions.
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