The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday that falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. It has a history of over 2,000 years and is celebrated with various customs and activities across China.
The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is commonly associated with the memory of Qu Yuan, a loyal minister of the state of Chu during the Warring States period. Qu Yuan was betrayed and exiled, feeling despair over the corruption and decline of his state. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, he drowned himself in the Miluo River. Local people, in a desperate attempt to save him, paddled their boats and threw zongzi, sticky rice dumplings, into the river to feed the fish and prevent them from eating Qu Yuan's body.
The Dragon Boat Festival is marked by several customs and activities:
1. Dragon Boat Races: These races, in which teams of rowers paddle long boats with a dragon-shaped head and tail, are a highlight of the festival. The races symbolize the efforts to save Qu Yuan and are a demonstration of strength and teamwork.
2. Eating Zongzi: Zongzi, which are pyramid-shaped rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves, are another essential part of the festival. There are many different variations of zongzi, which are usually filled with meat, red bean paste, or other sweet fillings.
3. Hanging Calamus Leaves and Mugwort: These aromatic herbs are believed to repel insects and drive away evil spirits. People often hang them around their homes during the festival.
4. Drinking Realgar Wine: Realgar wine is a traditional drink made from realgar, a type of mineral, and wine. It is believed to ward off evil spirits and diseases.
The Dragon Boat Festival is a time for families to come together, honor their ancestors, and celebrate the spirit of loyalty and courage of Qu Yuan. It also serves as an occasion to promote national pride and cultural heritage in modern China.
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