Duanwu Festival Origin and Legend Overview
The Duanwu Festival, also known as Dragon Boat Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. This festival has a long history, spanning over 2,000 years.
Origins:
The origin of the Duanwu Festival is often attributed to the memory of Qu Yuan, a statesman and poet of the Warring States period (475-221 BC). Qu Yuan was known for his loyalty to his kingdom of Chu. However, due to his reformist ideas and opposition to corruption, he was exiled by the king. During his exile, Qu Yuan continued to write poetry and expressed his deep sorrow for the fate of his kingdom. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, in 278 BC, Qu Yuan jumped into the Miluo River to protest against the Qin state's occupation of his kingdom. The local people, in their sorrow and admiration for Qu Yuan, paddled out into the river in dragon-shaped boats to save him, while also throwing rice dumplings into the water to prevent fish from attacking his body. From then on, this event turned into a festival, which became known as the Duanwu Festival.
Legends:
Apart from the story of Qu Yuan, there are several other legends associated with the Duanwu Festival:
1. Dragon: The dragon is considered the deity of rain in Chinese mythology, and it is believed that during the Duanwu Festival, dragons are most active and will bring good fortune and prosperity to people. Therefore, dragon-shaped boats are used in the boat races held on this day.
2. May 5: It is said that on the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, the鬼 (guǐ, meaning evil spirits or ghosts) are particularly strong. Thus, people would perform various activities to ward off evil spirits, such as wearing jade amulets, eating zongzi (sticky rice dumplings), and hanging calamus leaves.
In summary, the Duanwu Festival commemorates the memory of Qu Yuan and is a time for people to enjoy boat races, eat zongzi, and partake in other traditional activities to honor their ancestors and ward off evil.
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