Chinese New Year (Spring Festival):
The Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It is based on the lunar calendar and usually falls between late January and early February. The festival celebrates the beginning of a new year in the Chinese zodiac cycle.
The origin of the Chinese New Year can be traced back to ancient times, but the most commonly accepted story is that it was established during the rule of the Emperor Huang Di (Yellow Emperor), who is considered to be the father of Chinese civilization. Another legend attributes the festival's creation to a legendary figure named Nuo, who fought and defeated a monster known as Nian to protect the villagers. The festival evolved to be a time for families to come together, clean houses, decorate with red and gold, and engage in various activities and customs, such as feasting, fireworks, and dragon dances.
Qingming Festival (Tomb-Sweeping Day):
The Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day, is a traditional Chinese festival that falls on the 15th day of the fourth lunar month, around April or May. It is an important time for Chinese people to honor their ancestors and show respect to the departed.
According to legend, the Qingming Festival was originally established in memory of Jie Zitui, a loyal and self-sacrificing nobleman from the Shang Dynasty. It is said that after his death, Jie Zitui was buried near his home, and a spirit appeared in the form of a bull to protect the family. To show respect to the spirit and to honor Jie Zitui's selflessness, his family began to gather around his grave each year on the date of his death, cleaning the tomb, offering food and flowers, and performing the custom of tomb-sweeping.
Duanwu Festival (Dragon Boat Festival):
The Duanwu Festival, also known as Dragon Boat Festival, is celebrated on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, typically around late May or early June. This festival commemorates the poet Qu Yuan, who lived during the Warring States period.
Qu Yuan was a loyal minister and poet who was falsely accused and exiled by the king. Fearing for the fate of his kingdom, he drowned himself in the Miluo River. The local people, wishing to prevent fish from devouring his body, raced out in their boats to search for him. They beat drums and pounded cymbals to scare the fish away and threw rice dumplings into the river to feed the fish.
According to tradition, the Dragon Boat Festival has been celebrated for more than 2,000 years to commemorate Qu Yuan's patriotism and literary works. Today, it involves dragon boat races, eating zongzi (sticky rice dumplings), drinking realgar wine (a traditional drink with supposed healing properties), and hanging mugwort (an aromatic herb) to ward off insects and evil spirits.
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