端午节，又称为龙舟节，是中国传统节日之一，通常在农历五月初五庆祝。关于端午节的由来和传说，有几个广泛流传的故事：
1. **屈原投江传说**：
端午节最初是为了纪念中国古代伟大的爱国诗人屈原。据传，屈原在公元前278年因悲愤于国家灭亡，投汨罗江自尽。当地的渔民为了防止鱼虾伤害屈原的身体，划船在江上寻找并打捞他的遗体，并投入了粽子（用竹叶包裹的糯米食品）以喂鱼。后来，这个习俗演变成了划龙舟和吃粽子的端午节传统。
2. **纪念伍子胥**：
另一种说法是端午节是为了纪念春秋时期的吴国大夫伍子胥。相传伍子胥被吴王夫差赐死，其尸体被吴国士兵投入钱塘江。当地百姓为了纪念伍子胥的忠诚，每年五月初五划龙舟，以此驱除江中的恶灵。
3. **纪念孝女曹娥**：
在浙江一带，还有关于孝女曹娥的传说。曹娥的父亲为寻找溺水的父亲而投江，曹娥在江边哭祭，七天七夜后也投江寻父。后来人们就在五月初五这天划龙舟，纪念曹娥的孝心。
以下是这些故事对应的英文翻译：
1. **Qu Yuan's Story**:
The Dragon Boat Festival originated as a way to commemorate the great ancient Chinese poet Qu Yuan. It is said that Qu Yuan drowned himself in the Mi Luo River in 278 BC, distraught over the fall of his country. Local fishermen were afraid that fish would harm Qu Yuan's body, so they paddled boats on the river to search for and retrieve his body, throwing rice dumplings ( glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo leaves) into the water to feed the fish. This custom eventually evolved into the Dragon Boat Festival tradition of boat racing and eating rice dumplings.
2. **Wu Zihou's Story**:
Another explanation is that the Dragon Boat Festival commemorates the ancient Wu state official Wu Zihou. It is believed that Wu Zihou was executed by order of King Fu Chai. His body was thrown into the Qiantang River by the soldiers of the Wu state. Local people, in memory of Wu Zihou's loyalty, held dragon boat races every May 5th to ward off evil spirits in the river.
3. **The Story of the Filial Daughter Cao E**:
In the Zhejiang region, there is also a story about the filial daughter Cao E. It is said that her father drowned while searching for his own father who had also drowned. Cao E cried by the river for seven days and nights, eventually throwing herself into the river to search for her father. The local people hold dragon boat races on May 5th to commemorate Cao E's filial piety.
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