《周易》系辞传原文：
上经系辞传：
天尊地卑，乾坤定矣。卑高以陈，贵贱位矣。动静有常，刚柔断矣。方以类聚，物以群分。吉凶生矣。在天成象，在地成形，变化见矣。是故刚柔相摩，八卦相荡，鼓之以雷霆，润之以风雨，日月运行，一寒一暑。乾道成男，坤道成女。乾知大始，坤作成物。
乾以君之，坤以藏之。盖取诸此者也。乾元者，始而亨者也。利贞者，性情也。乾元用九，天下治也。君子以元亨利贞。首出庶物，万国咸宁。
大哉乾元，万物资始，乃统天。云行雨施，品物流形。大明始终，六位时成，时乘六龙，以御天德。乾元用九，天下治也。保合大和，乃利贞。首出庶物，万国咸宁。
大哉坤元，万物资生，乃顺承天。坤厚载物，德合无疆。含弘光大，品物咸亨。马地类，行地无疆。柔顺利贞，君子攸行。先天地生，万物以顺。故称地载，载物也。故受之以地。地类坤，故能生物。广厚柔顺，故能承载。
君子以厚德载物。
大衍之数五十，其用四十有九。分而为二以象两，挂一以象三，揲之以四以象四时，归奇于扐以象闰。五岁再闰，故再扐而后挂。天数二十有五，地数三十，凡天地之数五十有五，此所以持天地也。大衍之数五十，其用四十有九，分以为二以象两，挂一以象三，揲之以四以象四时，归奇于扐以象闰。五岁再闰，故再扐而后挂。天数二十有五，地数三十，凡天地之数五十有五，此所以持天地也。大衍之数五十，其用四十有九，分以为二以象两，挂一以象三，揲之以四以象四时，归奇于扐以象闰。五岁再闰，故再扐而后挂。天数二十有五，地数三十，凡天地之数五十有五，此所以持天地也。
乾道变化，各正性命。保合大和，乃利贞。首出庶物，万国咸宁。
大哉乾元，万物资始，乃统天。云行雨施，品物流形。大明始终，六位时成，时乘六龙，以御天德。乾元用九，天下治也。保合大和，乃利贞。首出庶物，万国咸宁。
君子以继之。
大哉坤元，万物资生，乃顺承天。坤厚载物，德合无疆。含弘光大，品物咸亨。马地类，行地无疆。柔顺利贞，君子攸行。先天地生，万物以顺。故称地载，载物也。故受之以地。地类坤，故能生物。广厚柔顺，故能承载。
君子以厚德载物。
易有太极，是生两仪，两仪生四象，四象生八卦。八卦定吉凶，吉凶生大业。是故易有太极，是生两仪，两仪生四象，四象生八卦。八卦定吉凶，吉凶生大业。是故易有太极，是生两仪，两仪生四象，四象生八卦。八卦定吉凶，吉凶生大业。
是故圣人设卦观象，系辞焉而明吉凶，刚柔相推而生变化。是故圣人设卦观象，系辞焉而明吉凶，刚柔相推而生变化。是故圣人设卦观象，系辞焉而明吉凶，刚柔相推而生变化。
易与天地准，故能弥纶天地之道。仰以观于天文，俯以察于地理，是故知幽明之故。原始反终，故知死生之说。精气为物，游魂为变，是故知鬼神之情状。与天地合其德，与日月合其明，与四时合其序，与鬼神合其吉凶。先天而天弗违，后天而奉天时。天且弗违，而况于人乎？况于鬼神乎？
子曰：“易，无思也，无为也，寂然不动，感而遂通天下之故。非天下之至神，其孰能与于此？夫易，圣人所以崇德而广业也。知崇礼卑，崇效天，卑法地。天地设位，圣人成能。人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。”
易传原文英文翻译：
Supreme above, the Earth beneath, thus乾坤is established. The low and the high are displayed, and the honored and the humble are placed in their proper positions. The dynamic and the static have their own constant, and the strong and the weak are separated. Things are grouped according to their kinds, and objects are divided into groups. Good and evil thus arise. In the sky, there are forms, on the Earth, there are shapes, and changes are seen. Therefore, the strong and the weak interact, the eight trigrams interact with each other, they are stirred by thunder and rain, and they are nourished by the sun and the moon, there is winter and summer. The strong (乾) produces males, and the weak (坤) produces females. The strong (乾) knows the great beginning, and the weak (坤) completes the creation of things.
The strong (乾) rules as a ruler, and the weak (坤) hides within. This is what is meant by the saying "Covered with the strong, hidden within the weak." The strong (乾) brings about the great origin, which is the beginning of success. Profit and loyalty are the nature of things. The strong (乾) uses the number nine, which brings peace to the world. The noble man uses the principle of origin, profit, loyalty, and success. First to emerge, he brings all things to order. Therefore, all nations are at peace.
Great indeed is the origin of the strong (乾), which provides the beginning for all things and rules the sky. Clouds move and rain falls, and all things take shape. The great light appears at the beginning and the end, the six positions are formed at the right time, and at the right time, it rides the six dragons to govern the heavenly virtues. The strong (乾) uses the number nine, which brings peace to the world. To maintain great harmony, it is profitable to be loyal. First to emerge, he brings all things to order. Therefore, all nations are at peace.
Great indeed is the origin of the weak (坤), which provides the origin for all things and conforms to the sky. The Earth is thick and carries things, its virtue is boundless. It contains and spreads widely, and all things thrive. Like the horse, it moves on the Earth without limits. Soft and smooth, it is loyal and steadfast, and the noble man walks in it. Born before the Earth and the sky, all things follow its order. Therefore, it is called the Earth, which carries things. Therefore, it receives the Earth. The Earth is like the weak (坤), so it can create things. Wide, thick, soft, and compliant, it can bear.
The noble man uses great virtue to bear things.
The number fifty is the great number, of which forty-nine are used. It is divided into two to represent the two, one is hung to represent the three, it is shaken with four to represent the four seasons, and the remainder is returned to the yarrow to represent the intercalary month. Every five years, there are two intercalary months, so it is shaken twice before hanging. The number of heaven is twenty-five, the number of the Earth is thirty, a total of fifty-five numbers in heaven and Earth, which is used to hold the sky and the Earth. The number fifty is the great number, of which forty-nine are used. It is divided into two to represent the two, one is hung to represent the three, it is shaken with four to represent the four seasons, and the remainder is returned to the yarrow to represent the intercalary month. Every five years, there are two intercalary months, so it is shaken twice before hanging. The number of heaven is twenty-five, the number of the Earth is thirty, a total of fifty-five numbers in heaven and Earth, which is used to hold the sky and the Earth. The number fifty is the great number, of which forty-nine are used. It is divided into two to represent the two, one is hung to represent the three, it is shaken with four to represent the four seasons, and the remainder is returned to the yarrow to represent the intercalary month. Every five years, there are two intercalary months, so it is shaken twice before hanging. The number of heaven is twenty-five, the number of the Earth is thirty, a total of fifty-five numbers in heaven and Earth, which is used to hold the sky and the Earth.
The strong (乾) changes, and each thing has its proper nature. To maintain great harmony is profitable to be loyal. First to emerge, he brings all things to order. Therefore, all nations are at peace.
Great indeed is the origin of the strong (乾), which provides the beginning for all things and rules the sky. Clouds move and rain falls, and all things take shape. The great light appears at the beginning and the end, the six positions are formed at the right time, and at the right time, it rides the six dragons to govern the heavenly virtues. The strong (乾) uses the number nine, which brings peace to the world. To maintain great harmony, it is profitable to be loyal. First to emerge, he brings all things to order. Therefore, all nations are at peace.
The noble man continues this.
Great indeed is the origin of the weak (坤), which provides the origin for all things and conforms to the sky. The Earth is thick and carries things, its virtue is boundless. It contains and spreads widely, and all things thrive. Like the horse, it moves on the Earth without limits. Soft and smooth, it is loyal and steadfast, and the noble man walks in it. Born before the Earth and the sky, all things follow its order. Therefore, it is called the Earth, which carries things. Therefore, it receives the Earth. The Earth is like the weak (坤), so it can create things. Wide, thick, soft, and compliant, it can bear.
The noble man uses great virtue to bear things.
The Great Comprehensiveness has the number fifty, of which forty-nine are used. It is divided into two to represent the two, one is hung to represent the three, it is shaken with four to represent the four seasons, and the remainder is returned to the yarrow to represent the intercalary month. Every five years, there are two intercalary months, so it is shaken twice before hanging. The number of heaven is twenty-five, the number of the Earth is thirty, a total of fifty-five numbers in heaven and Earth, which is used to hold the sky and the Earth. The Great Comprehensiveness has the number fifty, of which forty-nine are used. It is divided into two to represent the two, one is hung to represent the three, it is shaken with four to represent the four seasons, and the remainder is returned to the yarrow to represent the intercalary month. Every five years, there are two intercalary months, so it is shaken twice before hanging. The number of heaven is twenty-five, the number of the Earth is thirty, a total of fifty-five numbers in heaven and Earth, which is used to hold the sky and the Earth. The Great Comprehensiveness has the number fifty, of which forty-nine are used. It is divided into two to represent the two, one is hung to represent the three, it is shaken with four to represent the four seasons, and the remainder is returned to the yarrow to represent the intercalary month. Every five years, there are two intercalary months, so it is shaken twice before hanging. The number of heaven is twenty-five, the number of the Earth is thirty, a total of fifty-five numbers in heaven and Earth, which is used to hold the sky and the Earth.
The strong (乾) changes, and each thing has its proper nature. To maintain great harmony is profitable to be loyal. First to emerge, he brings all things to order. Therefore, all nations are at peace.
Great indeed is the origin of the strong (乾), which provides the beginning for all things and rules the sky. Clouds move and rain fall, and all things take shape. The great light appears at the beginning and the end, the six positions are formed at the right time, and at the right time, it rides the six dragons to govern the heavenly virtues. The strong (乾) uses the number nine, which brings peace to the world. To maintain great harmony, it is profitable to be loyal. First to emerge, he brings all things to order. Therefore, all nations are at peace.
The noble man continues this.
Great indeed is the origin of the weak (坤), which provides the origin for all things and conforms to the sky. The Earth is thick and carries things, its virtue is boundless. It contains and spreads widely, and all things thrive. Like the horse, it moves on the Earth without limits. Soft and smooth, it is loyal and steadfast, and the noble man walks in it. Born before the Earth and the sky, all things follow its order. Therefore, it is called the Earth, which carries things. Therefore, it receives the Earth. The Earth is like the weak (坤), so it can create things. Wide, thick, soft, and compliant, it can bear.
The noble man uses great virtue to bear things.
The book of changes has the great origin, which gives rise to the two symbols, the two symbols give rise to the four images, the four images give rise to the eight trigrams. The eight trigrams determine good and evil, good and evil give rise to great undertakings. Therefore, the book of changes has the great origin, which gives rise to the two symbols, the two symbols give rise to the four images, the four images give rise to the eight trigrams. The eight trigrams determine good and evil, good and evil give rise to great undertakings. Therefore, the book of changes has the great origin, which gives rise to the two symbols, the two symbols give rise to the four images, the four images give rise to the eight trigrams. The eight trigrams determine good and evil, good and evil give rise to great undertakings.
Therefore, the sage sets up the trigrams, observes the images, and explains the meaning of good and evil, the strong and the weak interact and produce changes. Therefore, the sage sets up the trigrams, observes the images, and explains the meaning of good and evil, the strong and the weak interact and produce changes. Therefore, the sage sets up the trigrams, observes the images, and explains the meaning of good and evil, the strong and the weak interact and produce changes.
The book of changes is in harmony with the heaven and the Earth, so it can embrace the way of heaven and the Earth. Looking up, we observe the celestial phenomena, looking down, we investigate the terrestrial conditions, therefore, we understand the reason for the interplay of the obscure and the bright. From the beginning to the end, we understand the nature of life and death. The essence becomes matter, the wandering soul changes, therefore, we understand the nature of the spirits and ghosts. To be in harmony with the heaven and the Earth, to be in harmony with the sun and the moon, to be in harmony with the four seasons, to be in harmony with the spirits and ghosts. To comply with the way before it is established, to comply with the way after it is established. If heaven does not oppose it, how much more can people not oppose it? And how much more can the spirits and ghosts not oppose it?
Confucius said: "The book of changes is without thought, without action, still and motionless, and when it is affected, it connects with the reasons of the world." If it is not the most divine in the world, who else can be like this? The book of changes is the way in which the sage cultivates virtue and expands his undertaking. Understanding the importance of respect and humility, the sage imitates the sky, and the humble imitates the Earth. The heaven and the Earth establish their positions, and the sage completes his abilities. People imitate the Earth, the Earth imitates the sky, the sky imitates the way, and the way imitates nature.
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