The Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanwu Festival, is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month. Here is the English translation of the origin and customs of the Dragon Boat Festival:
**Origin of the Dragon Boat Festival:**
The Dragon Boat Festival has a long history and is associated with the death of Qu Yuan, a famous poet and statesman from the Warring States period (475-221 BC). According to legend, Qu Yuan was a loyal minister who was exiled and eventually drowned himself in the Miluo River after being betrayed by his king. The local people were in great sorrow over his death and wanted to prevent fish from eating his body, so they paddled out in boats and threw rice dumplings into the river. This became the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival.
Another popular story is that the festival is to commemorate the birth of the Emperor Yu, who is believed to have controlled the floods and saved the people from suffering. The dragon boat races are a symbol of his ability to control the waters.
**Customs of the Dragon Boat Festival:**
1. **Dragon Boat Races:** The most famous custom of the Dragon Boat Festival is the dragon boat races. These races are held on rivers and lakes across China. The boats are long and narrow, and each boat is decorated with a dragon head and tail at both ends. Teams of rowers compete in a race, and the winner is often celebrated with fireworks and other festivities.
2. **Eating Zongzi:** Zongzi, or sticky rice dumplings, are another essential part of the Dragon Boat Festival. These dumplings are made of glutinous rice, wrapped in bamboo leaves, and can be filled with various ingredients such as red bean paste, egg, or meat. Eating zongzi is believed to prevent the fish from eating Qu Yuan's body.
3. **Wearing Periwinkle Leaves:** People often wear periwinkle leaves or a periwinkle leaf necklace on their wrists or necks during the Dragon Boat Festival. It is believed that the leaves can ward off evil spirits and protect against diseases.
4. **Pasting Calamus Leaves:** Calamus leaves are pasted on doors and windows to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck.
5. **Drinking Realgar Wine:** Realgar wine, made from realgar (a red mineral), is another custom associated with the Dragon Boat Festival. It is believed to have medicinal properties and is thought to protect against diseases and evil spirits.
These are just a few of the customs and traditions associated with the Dragon Boat Festival. The festival is celebrated with great enthusiasm across China and in many other countries with a significant Chinese population.
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