The origin of the customs of the Winter Solstice is as follows in English:
The customs of the Winter Solstice, also known as Dongzhi in Chinese, have their roots in ancient Chinese astronomy and are deeply intertwined with agricultural practices and cultural traditions. The Winter Solstice is the longest night and shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere, occurring around December 21 or 22 each year.
The origin of the Winter Solstice customs can be traced back to the Shang and Zhou dynasties (around 1600-256 BC). During this time, people observed the solstices as important astronomical events, believing that the winter solstice was the time when the Sun reached its southernmost point and began its journey back northward, bringing the promise of longer days and warmer weather.
One of the most notable customs is the eating of dumplings or "jiaozi" (饺子) on the day of the solstice. This practice dates back to the Han dynasty and symbolizes the closing of the year. People believe that eating dumplings can bring good luck and protect them from evil spirits during the long night. Another custom is the burning of incense or paper offerings to pay homage to ancestors and gods, hoping to receive their blessings.
The Winter Solstice also marks the start of the "eight solar terms" system in traditional Chinese agriculture, which divides the year into eight periods based on astronomical changes. This system helped ancient farmers to time their planting and harvesting more effectively.
Over time, the Winter Solstice has also become a time for family reunions, as people often gather to celebrate the festival together. This practice reflects the ancient Chinese value of filial piety and family harmony.
In summary, the customs of the Winter Solstice are deeply rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs about the cosmos, agriculture, and family values.
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