Duanwu Festival (Dragon Boat Festival) is a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month. Here's an introduction to the customs and activities associated with the Duanwu Festival in English:
**Customs and Activities:**
1. **Dragon Boat Races:**
- The most famous activity of the Duanwu Festival is dragon boat races, which are believed to be a way to commemorate the ancient poet Qu Yuan. Teams row their long, ornate boats in unison, racing each other along a river or lake.
2. **Zongzi:**
- Zongzi, also known as dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves, are a speciality during the Duanwu Festival. They are filled with sticky rice, and can be flavored with ingredients such as salted egg, meat, or bean paste.
3. **Dragon-Head and Phoenix-Tail Flags:**
- Homes and shops often display dragon-head and phoenix-tail flags as a decoration to honor the dragon and symbolize its role in the boat races.
4. **Fen Chi (Sofilium japonicum) and Salted Eggs:**
- Fen Chi, a type of root vegetable, is often used in various dishes during the festival. Salted eggs are another popular delicacy, believed to ward off evil spirits.
5. **Wearing Incense sachets:**
- Many people wear small sachets filled with aromatic herbs, incense, and spices to keep insects and pests away, and to bring good fortune.
6. **Wearing the Periwinkle Leaf (Aiye):**
- It is believed that the leaves of the periwinkle plant have medicinal properties that can prevent diseases and protect against evil spirits.
7. **Hanging the Calamus:**
- A traditional practice is to hang the dried rhizome of calamus, which is thought to have purifying properties, in the home to ward off evil and disease.
8. **Singing of Dragon-Boat Songs:**
- Folk songs known as dragon-boat songs are often sung during the festival to add to the festive atmosphere and honor the heroes and history associated with the festival.
9. **Memorizing Qu Yuan:**
- The life and work of Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the Miluo River out of despair over the state of his country, are remembered and celebrated through readings and performances of his poems.
These customs and activities vary from region to region within China, but they all contribute to the rich cultural heritage and historical significance of the Duanwu Festival.
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